V5-V46 LOCAL ISSUES

Question 2.

Are any of the following issues a problem for your city?

In which of these areas do you think that your local government has enough power and autonomy to act effectively?

Question 5

Regardless of how things are being done now, who in your opinion should have primary responsibility for:

Question 6

We would like to know how much influence you feel you have on what is accomplished in your community in the following areas:

V5

V16

V27

V37

V6

V17

V28

V38

V7

V18

V29

V8

V19

V30

V39

V9

V20

V31

V40

V10

V21

V32

V41

V11

V22

V33

V42

V12

V23

V34

V43

V13

V24

V35

V44

V14

V25

V45

V15

V26

V36

V46

CODES

0 = no problem 

1=somewhat serious

2 = very serious 

99=missing data 

V47 POLITICAL PROCESSES Question 10

In many communities there are conflicts which interfere with effective action to meet community problems.

Are there some major conflicts that interfere with getting things done in your community?

V48 EXTENT CONFLICTS COME IN WAY DEVELOPMENT Question 11 To what extent do these conflicts come in the way of the development of your community?

CODES:

CODES:

1 = yes

0 = no

99 = missing data

2 = very much 

1 = some

0 = not at all or not mentioned

V49 - V58 DIFFERENCES

Question 13 To what extent do difference such as the following tend to divide people in your community?

V50 EDUCATION

V51 INCOME

V52 RELIGIOUS

V54 URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION

V55 MANAGER AND EMPLOYEE

V57 RACIAL AND ETHNICAL ORIGIN

V58 DESIRING SOCIAL CHANGE AND OPPOSING IT

CODES:

2 = very much

1 = somewhat

0 = not at all or not mentioned

V59 - V71 SUPPORT

Question 7

When you as leader are in situation in which support from others is necessary, to whom do you usually turn?

V60 LOCAL ELECTIVE OFFICIALS

V61 LOCAL MEDIA

V62 HIGHER PARTY LEADERS 

V63 LOCAL TOP ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICIALS

V65 HIGHER ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICIALS

V66 BUSINESS LEADERS

V67 TRADE UNIONS

V69 RELIGOUS LEADERS, CHURCH

V70 NEIGHBORHOOD ORGANIZATIONS

V71 FRIENDS

CODES:

1 = mentioned 

0 = not mentioned

V72 - V82 PEOPLE'S INFLUENCE

Question 14

Which of the following ways can people best influence decisions:

V73MEETINGS, DEBATES

V74 COMMITTEES

V75 MOVEMENTS, GROUPS

V77 LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT

V78 TRADE UNIONS

V79 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS

V81 PERSONAL CONTACTS

V82 USE OF MEDIA

CODES:

1 = mentioned 

0 = not mentioned

V83 CAN PEOPLE BE TRUSTED Q17.

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you can not be too careful dealing with people?  

V84 PARTICIPATION COMPARED TO FIVE YEARS AGO Q15. Compared to five years ago is the participation of the people in local affairs in your community greater, about the same or less?

CODES:

CODES:

2 = very much

1 = greater 

1 = some

0 = about the same

0 = not at all or not mentioned

-1 = less

99 = missing data

V85 - V129 VALUES

Question 8

Below are some questions faced in the daily life of political leaders. Please examine them closely and check the extent to which you agree or disagree with them:

V86 ONLY SIMPLE QUESTION CONSIDERED PUBLICLY

V87 HONESTY NEVER COMPROMISED AT ANY COST

V88 MINORITIES SO IMPORTANT THAT MAJORITY SHOULD BE LIMITED

V89 NATIONAL GOAL NOT AT ANY COST OF LOCAL COMMUNITY

V90 RICH SHOULD PAY MORE FOR COMMUNITY PROJECTS 

V91 HIGH LIVINGSTANDARD ULTIMATE GOAL FOR SOCIETY

V92 LEADER FOLLOW HIS CONVICTIONS DISPITE THE CONSTITUENCY

V93 PUBLIC DECISION SHOULD BE UNANIMOUS

V94 RIGHT TO ORGANIZE RESISTANCE TO ANY GOVERN. INITIATIVE

V95 PARTICIPATION BRING UNDESIRABLE CONFLICT

V96 SHOULD WORRY ABOUT COMMUNITY PROBLEMS FIRST

V97 LEADERS SHOULD PRESENT TRUTH NO MATTER CONSEQUENCES

V98 GOVERN. REGULATION OF BUSINESS DO MORE HARM THAN GOOD

V99 GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBLE FOR EMPLOYMENT

V100 NO COMMUNITY PROGRESS WITH NATIONAL PRIORITY

V101 DECISIONS SHOULD BE MADE BY EXPERTS

V102 SHOULD BE UPPER LIMIT ON INCOME FOR EQUALITY

V103 COMPETITION IS WASTEFUL AND DESTRUCTIVE

V104 ONLY THE FULLY INFORMED SHOULD VOTE

V105 LEADER SHOULD NOT PAY ATTENTION TO A MAJORITY AGAINST HIM

V106 SHOULD NOT WORRY ABOUT NATIONAL PROBLEMS

V107 NOBODY SHOULD LIVE WELL WHEN OTHERS ARE POOR

V109 FEW KNOW THEIR BEST INTREST IN THE LONG RUN

V110 FURTHER CONCERN WITH ECONOMIC GROWTH NOT REQUIRED

V111 EXCESS CONFLICT RESOLUTION IS INEFFECTIVE

V112 DECISION MAKING LEFT IN THE HANDS OF COMPETENT LEADERS

V113 NECESSARY TO HAVE FEW STRONG RUNNING EVERYTHING

V114 COMMUNITY HARMONY PRECEDES ACHIVEMENT

V115 ONLY ECON. DEVELOPMENT PROVIDES WELFARE AND HAPPINESS

V116 PEOPLE ACCUMULATE WELF ON THE EXPENSE OF OTHERS

V117 POOR SHOULD ALLWAYS BE GIVEN MORE OPPORTUNITY

V118 DECISION ALIENATE GROUPS SHOULD BE POSTPONED

V119 CAN PRESENT ONE-SIDED FACTS TO ACHIEVE COMMUNITY GOALS

V120 MINORITY RIGHT TO OPPOSE BUT NOT TRESIST MAJORITY

V121 THE PRIVATE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM IS FAIR AND EFFICIENT

V122 CERTAIN PEOPLE BETTER LEADERS BECAUSE TRADITION & FAMILY

V123 AVOID MISUNDERSTANDING BY NOT DISCLOSE CERTAIN FACTS

V124 LEADER SHOULD MODIFY ACTIONS TO KEEP CONSENSUS

V125 PROTECTED RIGHT OF MINORITY IS GOVERNM. RESPONSIBILITY

V126 LEADER ALWAYS PUBLICLY HONEST ABOUT SOCIAL AFFAIRS

V127 SALERY DISCREPTANCIES SHOULD BE REDUCED

V128 LEADER SHOULD FOLLOW WISHES OF COMMUNITY EVEN IF WRONG

V129 MUST RELY ON LEADER AND EXPERTS WHO CAN BE TRUSTED

CODES:

4 = strongly agree 

3 = agree

2 = disagree

1 = strongly disagree

99 = missing data

V130 - V140 NEIGHBORS

Question 23

On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors:

V131 DIFFERENT RACE

V132 LEFT WING EXTREMISTS

V133 ALCOHOLICS

V135 LARGE FAMILIES

V136 EMOTIONALLY UNSTABLE

V137 IMMIGRANTS

V139 DRUG ADDICTS

V140 HOMOSEXUALS

CODES:

2 = mentioned

1 = not mentioned

V141 - V145 LOCAL-NATIONAL-GLOBAL

Question 26 In which of the following groups do you identify?

V142 REGION OF COUNTRY

V144 EUROPE/ASIA

CODES:

1 = mentioned

0 = not mentioned

V146 - V152 COMMUNITY IMPACT

Question 30 To what extent do the following have an impact on your community?

V147 EXPORTS

V148 IMPORTS

V150 POLLUTION FROM OTHER

V152 FOREIGN WORKERS

CODES:

2 = a great deal

1 = to some extent

0 = not at all

99 = missing data

V153 - V156 COUNTRY GOALS

Question 33 What should be the two main goals of this country during the next ten years?

V154 GIVING PEOPLE MORE SAY IN IMPORTANT GOVERNMENT DECISIONS

V156 PROTECTING FREEDOM OF SPEECH

CODES:

1 = mentioned

0 = not mentioned

V157 - V161 CHARACTERISTICS

V157 Years of Age

V158 Male or Female

V159 Left - Right Affiliation

V160 Years Present Position 

V161 Years Public Position

Q44. How old are you?

Q.46 Sex

Q51. In political matters people talk of "the left" and "the right". How would you place your views:

CODES

Years

1 - female

From 1 (extreme left)

Years

Years

99 - missing data

0 -male

To 10 (extreme right)

99 - missing data

99 - missing data

99-missing data

99-missing data

CODES FOR ARMENIA (set by local research team)

1 - less than 1

Same

Same

1 - less than 1

1 - less than 1

2 - 1 to 3

2 - 1 to 3

2 - 1 to 3

3 - 4 to 5

3 - 4 to 5

3 - 4 to 5

4 - 6 to 9

4 - 6 to 9

4 - 6 to 9

5 - 10+

5 - 10+

5 - 10+

V162 - V180 POLITICAL PARTIES (1995 Only)

V162 - V172 MOTIVES

Q19.  How important are the following motives for people joining political parties:

V163 HELP OTHER PEOPLE

V164 WORK FOR PERSONAL CONVICTIONS

V165 CONTRIBUTE TO THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

V167 MEET THEIR OBLIGATIONS

V168 CONFORM TO PRESSURES OF OTHERS

V169 PROMOTE OWN INTERESTS

V171 KEEP A FAMILY TRADITION

V172 GET TO KNOW OTHER PEOPLE 

V173 - V174 IMPORTANCE OF PARTIES

Q20. Are political parties important or unimportant:

V175 - V180 PURPOSE OF PARTIES

Q21. How important are political parties for the following:

V176 FORMULATE ALTERNATIVE PROGRAMS

V177 FORM MAJORITIES IN BODIES

V179 COMPETE IN ELECTIONS

V180 MEET THE ELECTORATE INTERESTS

CODES:

2 - Very important

1 - Somewhat important

0 - Unimportant

99 - missing data